On June 12, 2025, Dr. Miguel Villarroel, Vice President of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, shared deep reflections on the humanitarian principles in action, with a special emphasis on neutrality. This speech was delivered before the Governing Board of the International Federation, reaffirming the values that underlie the identity and mission of the International Movement.
Foundations of the Humanitarian Principles
The Fundamental Principles constitute the essence that differentiates the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. They are based on more than 160 years of operational experience and regulatory developments, including the formal proclamation at the 1965 International Conference in Vienna.
This regulatory framework unites the network of the International Federation and its 191 National Societies under a common purpose. The principles not only guide humanitarian action but are also crucial to ensuring:
- The acceptance of the communities in which interventions take place.
- The necessary trust to operate effectively.
- Safe access to people in need.
The Importance of Neutrality in Humanitarian Action
Neutrality is one of the pillars that guarantee that humanitarian aid can reach all affected people without distinction or political bias. Maintaining a neutral position allows the Movement to act with legitimacy and trust, facilitating access to vulnerable communities in complex or conflict contexts.
This principle is vital to preserve impartiality and credibility in humanitarian work, emphasizing that aid is based solely on need, without taking sides in conflicts or controversies.
Recent Conferences and Initiatives
In 2015, during the 32nd International Conference — which marked the 50th anniversary of the Fundamental Principles — the main theme was “Fundamental Principles in Action.” The essential role of Movement leadership was highlighted to:
- Promote and strengthen the Fundamental Principles.
- Ensure the continuity and relevance of these principles in current humanitarian interventions.
In 2025, on the 60th anniversary, this task has taken on even greater importance for the Governing Board and the entire International Federation.
Challenges and Perspectives from the 2030 Strategy
Despite the relevance of these principles, the International Federation’s 2030 Strategy does not include a specific objective dedicated to them. Some initiatives aimed at supporting National Societies include:
- Strengthening the legal and statutory base.
- Reaffirming the auxiliary role in their respective countries.
- Investing in humanitarian education programs.
It is important to note that in 2016 the Department of Principles and Values was dissolved, leaving no direct focal point within the Federation Secretariat. In this context, the work of the Global Reflection Group becomes even more crucial to keep the commitment to the Fundamental Principles alive.
Conclusion
Humanitarian principles, with special emphasis on neutrality, continue to be the heart that drives the actions of the Red Cross and Red Crescent. As we move forward into the future, preserving these values is essential to ensure effective, safe, and reliable humanitarian aid, especially in increasingly complex environments.